Research & Strategic Planning

Research Resource Guide

Large-scale, publicly available data sources for foreign missions planning — Bible translation status, unreached people groups, religious persecution, digital connectivity, Deaf ministry, and general demographics.

Prepared for internal research and strategic planning · August 2, 2026

Purpose

This guide compiles the large-scale, publicly available data sources most useful for foreign missions planning — covering Bible translation status, unreached people groups, religious persecution, digital/mobile connectivity, Deaf ministry, and general demographics. It is organized by category, with the specific value of each source noted so it can be matched to the right question rather than treated as interchangeable with the others.

Summary

How to Use This List

As a rule of thumb: Joshua Project and Ethnologue/ProgressBible answer "who and where"; Open Doors and Freedom House answer "how restricted"; ITU and GSMA answer "can they be reached digitally, and how"; WHO/WFD/DOOR answer Deaf-specific questions; and ECFA/MinistryWatch/Candid answer "can this partner organization be trusted with resources." No single source in any category is fully authoritative on its own — cross-checking two sources per question is the more defensible approach for any figures used in external-facing planning documents.

Download This Guide (PDF)

Headline Numbers

Updated Figures From This Research Pass

Worth Noting Up Front

  1. Global internet penetration (ITU, 2025): 74% of the world online (~6.04 billion people); 2.2 billion remain fully offline. By region: Europe 92%, CIS 93%, Asia-Pacific 77%, Arab States 70%, Africa 36% (rural Africa only 21%). High-income countries: 94%; low-income countries: 23%. Urban 85% vs. rural 58%.
  2. Mobile internet usage (GSMA, 2025): 58% of the world (4.7 billion people) actually use mobile internet on their own device, even though 96% of the global population lives within mobile network coverage — meaning the "usage gap" (3.1 billion people covered but not using it) is roughly nine times larger than the "coverage gap" (350 million people with no network at all). This is a critical distinction for app-based strategy: for most unconnected people, the barrier is not infrastructure but affordability, literacy, relevance, or device access, not signal availability.
  3. Least-connected region: Sub-Saharan Africa — only 27% mobile internet usage, a 60% usage gap and a 13% coverage gap, confirming this as the highest-priority zone for the offline-device track rather than the apps track.
  4. Living languages (Ethnologue, 29th edition, 2026): 7,170 living languages worldwide; 3,078 (44%) classified as endangered. Papua New Guinea alone accounts for 840 languages, 12% of the global total, confirming its outsized weight in the translation-gap picture already identified.
01 · Language Data

Bible Translation & Language Data

02 · Missiology

Unreached People Groups & Missiology

03 · Religious Freedom

Persecution & Religious Freedom

04 · Technology

Connectivity & Technology

05 · Deaf Ministry

Deaf & Sign Language Ministry

06 · Demographics

General Demographics

07 · Accountability

Nonprofit & Organizational Accountability

Prepared for internal research and strategic planning. Have a source to add or correct? Get in touch.